BIOL 218 - Animal Anatomy and Physiology

Enrollment in Veterinary Technology Program and

High School Biology (C+ or better) and

High School Chemistry (C+ or better)

OR

Enrollment in Veterinary Technology Program and

Concurrent enrollment in college level Biology (BIOL 130 ) and/or

College-level Chemistry (CHEM 120 )

Restriction(s): None

Corequisite(s): VETS 120  and (VETS 131  or VETS 132 )

This course is designed to provide students with a basic knowledge of the structural and functional characteristics of the animal body. Instruction will be provided through a lecture and laboratory systematic study of the gross and microscopic anatomy and physiology of domestic animals. Lectures and laboratory exercises will emphasize an understanding and appreciation for the organized body state and the relationship of its various parts including cells, tissues, organs, and body systems. Microscopic examination of histological slides, and photomicrographs will be employed for the study of basic tissues and organs. Examination of skeletons, models, prosected canine and feline cadavers, and other preserved specimens will be used to study gross anatomical structures. Comparative aspects of other species, including an introduction to avian and reptilian anatomy and physiology, may be included. Lecture and laboratory discussions will begin the development of and require an understanding and use of anatomical and medical terminology. Lectures and laboratories will include discussion and utilization of relevant clinical topics and materials. This course will provide a foundation upon which all subsequent clinical courses are built or related.

Student Learning Outcomes of the Course: Upon successful completion of the course the student should be able to:

1. Use anatomical and directional terminology to identify and/or describe the location of structures or lesions on an animal body.
2. Describe the structure and function of cells, tissues, organs, and organ systems as they relate to the anatomical and physiological aspects of a living animal.
3. Identify the bones and bony structures which form the framework of an animal body; including the function of the cellular elements which produce and maintain skeletal health.
4. Identify the major muscle masses which move parts of the animal body to produce locomotion, form the walls of body cavities, and contribute to physiologic activities; including the process of muscle contraction and the necessary elements required for this process. Discussion of sites for intramuscular injections in domestic animals will be included.
5. Identify the components of the Central Nervous System and their function; identify major Peripheral Nerves; including the process of nerve impulse initiation and transmission.
6. Identify the components and function of the special senses: sight, hearing, smell, and taste.
7. Identify the parts of the Cardiovascular system; including the Heart, Vessels, and Lymphatic Structures. Describe the process of the cardiac cycle and blood circulation.
8. Identify the parts of the Respiratory System including a description of respiratory physiology.
9. Identify the parts of the Alimentary Canal; including the components and function of the carnivores, non-ruminant herbivores, and parts of the ruminant stomach.
10. Identify the Accessory Organs associated with the process of digestion; describe the Physical and Chemical processes of digestion in monogastric and ruminant animals.
11. Identify the components of the Urinary System; includes describing the process of urine formation and excretion.
12. Identify the components of the Male and Female Reproductive System. Also includes study of the Placental Membranes.
13. Identify the principal Endocrine Structures; includes describing the associated hormones and their action.
14. Identify and describe the differences in Anatomy of Avian and Reptilian species as compared with mammals.
15. Perform a gross necropsy on a laboratory specimen and identify the major organs and structures of the body systems studied during the semester. Techniques for the collection and submission of tissue samples for histopathological processing and examination will be introduced.